Following the division of the Roman Empire into the Western and Eastern Roman Empires in the 4th century, Serdica found itself in the heart of the Byzantine Empire. As the Western Roman Empire collapsed in the 5th century, the Eastern Roman Empire, also known as the Byzantine Empire, continued to th

Sofia, the capital of Bulgaria, is one of Europe’s oldest cities, with a history that stretches back thousands of years. Situated at the foot of Mount Vitosha, the city has been an important crossroads for various civilizations, from the ancient Thracians to the Romans, the Byzantines, and the

While Christianity initially clashed with Greco-Roman intellectual traditions, it also absorbed and adapted elements from them. Early Christian thinkers like Justin Martyr and Clement of Alexandria sought to reconcile Christian teachings with Greek philosophy, particularly Platonism and Stoicism. Th

Introduction The rise of Christianity occurred within the context of the classical world, shaped by the political, philosophical, and religious landscapes of ancient Rome and Greece. The interaction between Christianity and classical civilization was complex, involving both confrontation and synt